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INDEX
INTRODUCTION
PART 1. Regulations and standards
PART 2. Vessel characteristics
PART 3. Manoeuvring in ice
PART 4. Passage planning
PART 5. Icebreaker operations
PART 6. Vessel performance in polar waters / Low air temperatures
PART 7. Exams and practical demonstration of competence
Ships operating in the Arctic and Antarctic environments are exposed to a number of unique risks. Poor weather conditions and the relative lack of good charts, communication systems and other navigational aids pose challenges for seafarers. The remoteness of the areas makes rescue or clean-up operations difficult and costly. Cold temperatures may reduce the effectiveness of numerous components of the ship, ranging from deck machinery and emergency equipment to sea suctions.
When ice is present, it can impose additional loads on the hull, propulsion system and appendages. While Arctic and Antarctic waters have a number of similarities, there are also significant differences. The Arctic is an ocean surrounded by continents while the Antarctic is a continent surrounded by an ocean. The Antarctic sea ice retreats significantly during the summer season or is dispersed by permanent gyres in the two major seas of the Antarctic: the Weddell and the Ross. Thus there is relatively little multi-year ice in the Antarctic. Conversely, Arctic sea ice survives many summer seasons and there is a significant amount of multi-year ice. Whilst the marine environments of both polar seas are similarly vulnerable, response to such challenge should duly take into account specific features of the legal and political regimes applicable to their respective marine spaces. This course provides training to navigation officers to operate ships in polar waters and to address those additional provisions deemed necessary for consideration beyond existing requirements of the SOLAS and MARPOL Conventions, in order to take into account the climatic conditions of polar waters and to meet appropriate standards of maritime safety and pollution prevention.
The course is designed to meet the Mandatory minimum requirements for the training and qualifications of masters and deck officers on ships operating in polar waters, in the STCW Code, specifically the tables A-V/4-2 “Specification of minimum standard of competence in basic training for ships operating in polar waters”.
A trainee successfully completing this course will gain:
• understanding of the basic requirements for structure, stability and subdivision, machinery, lifesaving appliances, fire protection, voyage planning, ship routeing, navigation system sand equipment, radio communication, pollution prevention equipment, liability and safety management systems, as applicable to the different types and sizes of ship which may undertake voyages in polar waters
• ability to contribute to safe operation of vessels operating in polar waters
• understanding of ice characteristics and areas where different types of ice can be expected in the area of operation
• understanding of vessel performance in ice and low air temperature • understanding of safe operations and ship manoeuvrability in ice
• awareness to monitor and ensure compliance with legislative requirements
• understanding to apply safe working practices and to respond to emergencies
• understanding and awareness of correct crew preparation, working conditions and safety • understanding the need to ensure compliance with pollution prevention requirements and prevent environmental hazards,and
• understanding skills to perform manoeuvres in order to safely operate ships in polar waters.